Spacing Modifier Letters

Latin superscript modifier letters
See also superscript Latin letters in the Phonetic Extensions block starting at 1D00.
		→	`2071` ⁱ superscript latin small letter i
		→	`207F` ⁿ superscript latin small letter n
`02B0`	ʰ	Modifier Letter Small H
		•	aspiration
		≈	<super> `0068` h
`02B1`	ʱ	Modifier Letter Small H With Hook
		•	breathy voiced, murmured
		→	`0266` ɦ latin small letter h with hook
		→	`0324` ◌̤ combining diaeresis below
		≈	<super> `0266` ɦ
`02B2`	ʲ	Modifier Letter Small J
		•	palatalization
		→	`0321` ◌̡ combining palatalized hook below
		≈	<super> `006A` j
`02B3`	ʳ	Modifier Letter Small R
		≈	<super> `0072` r
`02B4`	ʴ	Modifier Letter Small Turned R
		→	`0279` ɹ latin small letter turned r
		≈	<super> `0279` ɹ
`02B5`	ʵ	Modifier Letter Small Turned R With Hook
		→	`027B` ɻ latin small letter turned r with hook
		≈	<super> `027B` ɻ
`02B6`	ʶ	Modifier Letter Small Capital Inverted R
		•	preceding four used for r-coloring or r-offglides
		→	`0281` ʁ latin letter small capital inverted r
		≈	<super> `0281` ʁ
`02B7`	ʷ	Modifier Letter Small W
		•	labialization
		→	`032B` ◌̫ combining inverted double arch below
		≈	<super> `0077` w
`02B8`	ʸ	Modifier Letter Small Y
		•	palatalization
		•	common Americanist usage for `02B2` ʲ
		≈	<super> `0079` y
Miscellaneous phonetic modifiers
`02B9`	ʹ	Modifier Letter Prime
		•	stress, emphasis
		•	transliteration of mjagkij znak (Cyrillic soft sign: palatalization)
		•	transliteration of Hebrew geresh
		→	`0027` ' apostrophe
		→	`00B4` ´ acute accent
		→	`02CA` ˊ modifier letter acute accent
		→	`0301` ◌́ combining acute accent
		→	`0374` ʹ greek numeral sign
		→	`05F3` ‎׳‎ hebrew punctuation geresh
		→	`2032` ′ prime
`02BA`	ʺ	Modifier Letter Double Prime
		•	exaggerated stress, contrastive stress
		•	transliteration of tverdyj znak (Cyrillic hard sign: no palatalization)
		→	`0022` " quotation mark
		→	`030B` ◌̋ combining double acute accent
		→	`2033` ″ double prime
`02BB`	ʻ	Modifier Letter Turned Comma
		•	typographical alternate for `02BD` ʽ or `02BF` ʿ
		•	used in some Polynesian orthographies for glottal stop
		•	Hawaiʻian: ʻokina
		•	Tongan: fakauʻa
		→	`0312` ◌̒ combining turned comma above
		→	`07F5` ‎ߵ‎ nko low tone apostrophe
		→	`2018` ‘ left single quotation mark
`02BC`	ʼ	Modifier Letter Apostrophe
		=	apostrophe
		•	glottal stop, glottalization, ejective
		•	many languages use this as a letter of their alphabets
		•	used as a tone marker in Bodo and Dogri
		•	indicates vowel elongation, or various truncations and ellipsis in Maithili
		•	used as a modifier letter in the Lisu script
		•	`2019` ’ is the preferred character for a punctuation apostrophe
		→	`0027` ' apostrophe
		→	`0313` ◌̓ combining comma above
		→	`0315` ◌̕ combining comma above right
		→	`055A` ՚ armenian apostrophe
		→	`07F4` ‎ߴ‎ nko high tone apostrophe
		→	`1FBF` ᾿ greek psili
		→	`2019` ’ right single quotation mark
`02BD`	ʽ	Modifier Letter Reversed Comma
		•	weak aspiration
		→	`0314` ◌̔ combining reversed comma above
		→	`0559` ՙ armenian modifier letter left half ring
		→	`1FFE` ῾ greek dasia
		→	`201B` ‛ single high-reversed-9 quotation mark
`02BE`	ʾ	Modifier Letter Right Half Ring
		•	transliteration of Arabic hamza (glottal stop)
		•	transliteration of Hebrew alef
		→	`055A` ՚ armenian apostrophe
		→	`05D0` ‎א‎ hebrew letter alef
		→	`0621` ‎ء‎ arabic letter hamza
`02BF`	ʿ	Modifier Letter Left Half Ring
		•	transliteration of Arabic ain (voiced pharyngeal fricative)
		•	transliteration of Hebrew ayin
		→	`0559` ՙ armenian modifier letter left half ring
		→	`05E2` ‎ע‎ hebrew letter ayin
		→	`0639` ‎ع‎ arabic letter ain
`02C0`	ˀ	Modifier Letter Glottal Stop
		•	ejective or glottalized
		•	typographical alternate for `02BC` ʼ or `02BE` ʾ
		→	`0294` ʔ latin letter glottal stop
		→	`0309` ◌̉ combining hook above
`02C1`	ˁ	Modifier Letter Reversed Glottal Stop
		•	typographical alternate for `02BF` ʿ
		→	`0295` ʕ latin letter pharyngeal voiced fricative
`02C2`	˂	Modifier Letter Left Arrowhead
		•	fronted articulation
`02C3`	˃	Modifier Letter Right Arrowhead
		•	backed articulation
`02C4`	˄	Modifier Letter Up Arrowhead
		•	raised articulation
		→	`005E` ^ circumflex accent
		→	`2303` ⌃ up arrowhead
`02C5`	˅	Modifier Letter Down Arrowhead
		•	lowered articulation
`02C6`	ˆ	Modifier Letter Circumflex Accent
		•	rising-falling tone, falling tone, secondary stress, etc.
		→	`005E` ^ circumflex accent
		→	`0302` ◌̂ combining circumflex accent
		→	`A788` ꞈ modifier letter low circumflex accent
`02C7`	ˇ	Caron
		=	hacek
		•	falling-rising tone
		•	Mandarin Chinese third tone
		→	`030C` ◌̌ combining caron
`02C8`	ˈ	Modifier Letter Vertical Line
		•	primary stress, downstep
		•	precedes letter or syllable modified
		→	`0027` ' apostrophe
		→	`030D` ◌̍ combining vertical line above
`02C9`	ˉ	Modifier Letter Macron
		•	high level tone
		•	precedes or follows letter or syllable modified
		•	Mandarin Chinese first tone
		→	`00AF` ¯ macron
		→	`0304` ◌̄ combining macron
`02CA`	ˊ	Modifier Letter Acute Accent
		•	high-rising tone (IPA), high tone, primary stress
		•	Mandarin Chinese second tone
		→	`00B4` ´ acute accent
		→	`02B9` ʹ modifier letter prime
		→	`0301` ◌́ combining acute accent
		→	`0374` ʹ greek numeral sign
		→	`055B` ՛ armenian emphasis mark
`02CB`	ˋ	Modifier Letter Grave Accent
		•	high-falling tone (IPA), low tone, secondary or tertiary stress
		•	Mandarin Chinese fourth tone
		→	`0060` ` grave accent
		→	`0300` ◌̀ combining grave accent
		→	`055D` ՝ armenian comma
`02CC`	ˌ	Modifier Letter Low Vertical Line
		•	secondary stress
		•	precedes letter or syllable modified
		→	`0329` ◌̩ combining vertical line below
`02CD`	ˍ	Modifier Letter Low Macron
		•	low level tone
		•	used as a modifier letter in the Lisu script
		→	`005F` _ low line
		→	`0331` ◌̱ combining macron below
`02CE`	ˎ	Modifier Letter Low Grave Accent
		•	low-falling tone
`02CF`	ˏ	Modifier Letter Low Acute Accent
		•	low-rising tone
		→	`0375` ͵ greek lower numeral sign
`02D0`	ː	Modifier Letter Triangular Colon
		•	length mark
		→	`003A` : colon
`02D1`	ˑ	Modifier Letter Half Triangular Colon
		•	half-length mark
		→	`00B7` · middle dot
`02D2`	˒	Modifier Letter Centred Right Half Ring
		•	more rounded articulation
`02D3`	˓	Modifier Letter Centred Left Half Ring
		•	less rounded articulation
`02D4`	˔	Modifier Letter Up Tack
		•	vowel raising or closing
		→	`031D` ◌̝ combining up tack below
		→	`0323` ◌̣ combining dot below
`02D5`	˕	Modifier Letter Down Tack
		•	vowel lowering or opening
		→	`031C` ◌̜ combining left half ring below
		→	`031E` ◌̞ combining down tack below
`02D6`	˖	Modifier Letter Plus Sign
		•	advanced or fronted articulation
		→	`031F` ◌̟ combining plus sign below
`02D7`	˗	Modifier Letter Minus Sign
		•	retracted or backed articulation
		•	glyph may have small end-serifs
		→	`0320` ◌̠ combining minus sign below
		→	`2212` − minus sign
Spacing clones of diacritics
`02D8`	˘	Breve
		→	`0306` ◌̆ combining breve
		≈	`0020` ␣ `0306` ◌̆
`02D9`	˙	Dot Above
		•	Mandarin Chinese fifth tone (light or neutral)
		→	`0307` ◌̇ combining dot above
		≈	`0020` ␣ `0307` ◌̇
`02DA`	˚	Ring Above
		→	`00B0` ° degree sign
		→	`030A` ◌̊ combining ring above
		≈	`0020` ␣ `030A` ◌̊
`02DB`	˛	Ogonek
		→	`0328` ◌̨ combining ogonek
		≈	`0020` ␣ `0328` ◌̨
`02DC`	˜	Small Tilde
		→	`007E` ~ tilde
		→	`0303` ◌̃ combining tilde
		→	`223C` ∼ tilde operator
		≈	`0020` ␣ `0303` ◌̃
`02DD`	˝	Double Acute Accent
		→	`030B` ◌̋ combining double acute accent
		≈	`0020` ␣ `030B` ◌̋
Additions based on 1989 IPA
`02DE`	˞	Modifier Letter Rhotic Hook
		•	rhotacization in vowel
		•	often ligated: `025A` ɚ = `0259` ə + `02DE` ˞; `025D` ɝ = `025C` ɜ + `02DE` ˞
`02DF`	˟	Modifier Letter Cross Accent
		•	Swedish grave accent
`02E0`	ˠ	Modifier Letter Small Gamma
		•	these modifier letters are occasionally used in transcription of affricates
		≈	<super> `0263` ɣ
`02E1`	ˡ	Modifier Letter Small L
		≈	<super> `006C` l
`02E2`	ˢ	Modifier Letter Small S
		≈	<super> `0073` s
`02E3`	ˣ	Modifier Letter Small X
		≈	<super> `0078` x
`02E4`	ˤ	Modifier Letter Small Reversed Glottal Stop
		≈	<super> `0295` ʕ
Tone letters
`02E5`	˥	Modifier Letter Extra-High Tone Bar
`02E6`	˦	Modifier Letter High Tone Bar
`02E7`	˧	Modifier Letter Mid Tone Bar
`02E8`	˨	Modifier Letter Low Tone Bar
`02E9`	˩	Modifier Letter Extra-Low Tone Bar
Extended Bopomofo tone marks
`02EA`	˪	Modifier Letter Yin Departing Tone Mark
`02EB`	˫	Modifier Letter Yang Departing Tone Mark
IPA modifiers
`02EC`	ˬ	Modifier Letter Voicing
`02ED`	˭	Modifier Letter Unaspirated
		→	`A78A` ꞊ modifier letter short equals sign
Other modifier letter
`02EE`	ˮ	Modifier Letter Double Apostrophe
		•	Nenets
UPA modifiers
`02EF`	˯	Modifier Letter Low Down Arrowhead
`02F0`	˰	Modifier Letter Low Up Arrowhead
`02F1`	˱	Modifier Letter Low Left Arrowhead
`02F2`	˲	Modifier Letter Low Right Arrowhead
`02F3`	˳	Modifier Letter Low Ring
		→	`0325` ◌̥ combining ring below
`02F4`	˴	Modifier Letter Middle Grave Accent
`02F5`	˵	Modifier Letter Middle Double Grave Accent
`02F6`	˶	Modifier Letter Middle Double Acute Accent
`02F7`	˷	Modifier Letter Low Tilde
`02F8`	˸	Modifier Letter Raised Colon
`02F9`	˹	Modifier Letter Begin High Tone
`02FA`	˺	Modifier Letter End High Tone
`02FB`	˻	Modifier Letter Begin Low Tone
`02FC`	˼	Modifier Letter End Low Tone
`02FD`	˽	Modifier Letter Shelf
`02FE`	˾	Modifier Letter Open Shelf
`02FF`	˿	Modifier Letter Low Left Arrow

Spacing Modifier Letters

Latin superscript modifier letters

Miscellaneous phonetic modifiers

Spacing clones of diacritics

Additions based on 1989 IPA

Tone letters

Extended Bopomofo tone marks

IPA modifiers

Other modifier letter

UPA modifiers