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Date/Time: Fri April 17 11:53:25 PT 2026
ReportID: ID20260417115325
Name: Kuen-Bang Hou (Favonia)
Report Type: Report Error in Publication/Data
Opt Subject: Align UTS#51 & UAX#29 for flags and keycaps in ZWJ
UTS #51 and UAX #29 appear to be misaligned here. In UTS #51, ED-15a allows `emoji_flag_sequence` and `emoji_keycap_sequence` to participate in emoji ZWJ sequences via `emoji_core_sequence`, and ED-17 treats the resulting sequences as emoji sequences. UTS #51 further states that all emoji sequences are single grapheme clusters. UAX #29 likewise states that each emoji sequence is a single grapheme cluster. However, the corresponding default boundary rules in UAX #29 still rely on `Extended_Pictographic`. In particular, GB11 specifies `×` (no boundary) only for the pattern `Extended_Pictographic Extend* ZWJ × Extended_Pictographic`, while emoji flag sequences are handled separately by GB12/GB13, and keycap-based cases are not brought under the same `Extended_Pictographic`-based framework. As a result, some sequences now admitted by UTS #51 are not consistently treated as single grapheme clusters by the default segmentation rules in UAX #29. A previously discussed remedy was to change the `Extended_Pictographic` assignments of the keycap bases and `Regional_Indicator` characters, but no action was taken (PRI #453). Whether or not that remedy is adopted, I urge the committee to resolve this misalignment between the two specifications.
Date/Time: Sun April 19 15:10:46 PT 2026
ReportID: ID20260419151046
Name: Kuen-Bang Hou (Favonia)
Report Type: PRI feedback
Opt Subject: PRI #543: Fold emoji_tag_sequence into ED-15
This is a structural simplification with no semantic change. The current text already permits emoji_tag_sequence in emoji ZWJ sequences via ED-15a: emoji_zwj_element := emoji_core_sequence | emoji_tag_sequence and also lists emoji_tag_sequence separately in ED-17. By folding emoji_tag_sequence into ED-15 emoji_core_sequence, ED-15a becomes unnecessary, and ED-17 no longer needs a separate emoji_tag_sequence branch. This proposal does not change which sequences are admitted by the grammar, nor does it change the meaning, validity, or display of emoji tag sequences or emoji ZWJ sequences. It only regularizes how the existing grammar is factored. The revised grammar would be: ED-15. emoji core sequence — A sequence of the following form: emoji_core_sequence := emoji_character | emoji_presentation_sequence | emoji_keycap_sequence | emoji_modifier_sequence | emoji_flag_sequence | emoji_tag_sequence [Delete ED-15a.] ED-16. emoji ZWJ sequence — An emoji sequence with at least one joiner character. emoji_zwj_sequence := emoji_core_sequence ( ZWJ emoji_core_sequence )+ ED-17. emoji sequence — A core sequence or ZWJ sequence, as follows: emoji_sequence := emoji_core_sequence | emoji_zwj_sequence This direction has already appeared in earlier Unicode materials. A 2016 draft on emoji mechanisms proposed adding emoji-tag-sequence to ED-15. A 2019 working draft went further and proposed adding emoji_tag_sequence to emoji_core_sequence and deleting ED-15a, but that wording did not carry over into the published UTS #51 text. Later Unicode work on regularizing emoji structure, in 2022, likewise argued for making the grammar more regular and for removing exceptional cases. This proposal improves the regularity of the grammar by removing a special case that is no longer needed in the current formulation of UTS #51.