| Revision | 2.0 |
| Authors | Asmus Freytag, Mark Davis and Ken Whistler |
| Date | Dec 11, 1998 |
| This Version | http://www.unicode.org/unicode/reports/tr11-2 |
| Previous Version | http://www.unicode.org/unicode/reports/dtr11.html |
| Latest Version | http://www.unicode.org/unicode/reports/tr11 |
Summary
This report presents the specifications of a new property for Unicode characters.
Status of this document
This document has been considered and approved by the Unicode Technical Committee for publication as a Technical Report. At the current time, the specifications in this technical report are provided as information and guidance to implementers of the Unicode Standard, but do not form part of the standard itself. The Unicode Technical Committee may decide to incorporate all or part of the material of this technical report into a future version of the Unicode Standard, either as informative or as normative specification. Please mail corrigenda and other comments to errata@unicode.org.
In mixed-width, East Asian, legacy encodings there is a concept of an inherent width of a character. For a fixed pitch font, this width translates to a display width of either one half or a whole unit width. A common name for this unit width is "Em". It is customarily the height of the letter 'M', but since in East Asian fonts the standard character cell is square, it is the same as the unit width.
NOTE:
the character width for a fixed pitch Latin font like Courier is 3/5 of an em.
Layout and line breaking (to cite only two examples) in an East Asian context show systematic variations depending on the value of the East-Asian Width property (even for non-fixed pitch fonts). Further, the same information is useful in creating correct transcoding tables for East Asian character sets.
The East Asian Width property provides a useful concept for implementations that
This Unicode Technical Report does not provide rules or specifications of how this property might be used in font design or line layout, since, while a useful property for this purpose, it is only one of several character properties that would need to be considered.
By convention, 1/2 Em wide characters of East Asian legacy encodings are called "half-width" (or hankaku characters in Japanese), the others are called correspondingly "full-width" (or zenkaku) characters. Legacy encodings often use a single byte for the half-width characters and two bytes for the full-width characters. In the Unicode Standard, no such distinction is made, but understanding the distinction is often necessary when interchanging data with legacy systems, especially when fixed size buffers are involved.
Some character blocks in the compatibility zone contain characters that are explicitly marked "half-width" and "full-width" in their character name but for all other characters the width property must be implicitly derived. Some characters behave differently in East Asian context than in non-East Asian content. Their default width property is considered ambiguous and needs to be resolved into an actual width property based on context.
This technical report assigns to each Unicode character one of the six values Ambiguous, Full Width, Half Width, Narrow, Wide, or Not East Asian Neutral (defined below) as its default width property. For any given operation, these six default properties resolve into only two property values narrow and wide, depending on context.
East Asian Width - in the context of interoperating with East Asian legacy character encodings and implementing East Asian typography, character width is an abstract concept. It can take on two values, narrow and wide. The actual display width of a glyph is given by the font. An important class of fixed width legacy fonts contains glyphs of just two widths with the wider glyphs twice as wide as the narrower glyph.
East Asian Wide (W) - There are wide characters that are defined as full-width and also wide characters that are implicitly wide (such as the Unified Han Ideographs or Squared Katakana Symbols) because they occur only in the context of East Asian typography where they are wide characters.
East Asian FullWidth (FW) - East Asian Wide characters that are defined as full width and therefore are compatibility equivalents of implicitly narrow but unmarked characters elsewhere in the Unicode Standard. FW characters form a proper subset of W characters.
East Asian Narrow (N) - There are narrow characters that are defined as half-width and also characters that are half-width by implication because they have full-width clones (all of ASCII is an example).
East Asian Half-width (HW) - Narrow characters that are defined as half-width and therefore are compatibility characters of implicitly wide, but unmarked characters elsewhere in the Unicode Standard. HW characters form a proper subset of N characters.
Note:
Because half-width punctuation behaves in some important ways like ideographic punctuation, it is useful to distinguish characters defined as half-width from characters that are narrow by implication. Since this information cannot be trivially derived from the block names, it is provided explicitly below.
East Asian Ambiguous (A) - Characters that occur in East Asian legacy character sets as wide characters, and as narrow characters in their own local or non-East Asian usage (Examples are the Greek and Cyrillic Alphabet found in East Asian character sets, but also some of the mathematical symbols). Ambiguous characters require context to resolve their width.
Note: Because East Asian legacy character sets do not always include complete case pairs of Latin characters, two members of a pair may have different EA Width properties:
Ambiguous: 01D4 LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH CARON NEA Neutral: 01D3 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER U WITH CARON
Not East Asian (Neutral) - All characters that do not occur in legacy East Asian character sets. By extension, they also do not occur in East Asian typography. (There is no traditional Japanese way of typesetting Devanagari, for example). Narrow and Neutral characters are treated the same under the recommendations below, so their distinction is a matter of convenience.
Figure 1: Venn diagram showing the set relations for the five of the six categories.
When converting a DBCS mixed-width encoding to and from Unicode, the full-width characters in such a mixed-width encoding are mapped to the full-width compatibility characters in the FFxx block, whereas the corresponding half-width characters are mapped to ordinary Unicode characters (e.g. ASCII in U+0021..U+007E, plus a few other scattered characters).
In the context of interoperability with DBCS character encodings, that restricted set of Unicode characters in the General Scripts area can be construed as half-width, rather than full-width. (This applies only to the restricted set of characters which can be paired with the full-width compatibility characters.)
In the context of interoperability with DBCS character encodings, all other Unicode characters which are not explicitly marked as half-width can be construed as full-width.
In any other context, Unicode characters not explicitly marked as being either full-width or half-width compatibility forms should be construed as unmarked as to half-width versus full-width status.
Seen in this light, the "half-width" and "full-width" properties are not unitary character properties in the same sense as "space" or "combining" or "alphabetic". They are, instead, relational properties of a pair of characters, one of which is explicitly encoded as a half-width or full-width form for compatibility in mapping to DBCS mixed-width character encodings.
What is "full-width" by default today could in theory become "half-width" tomorrow by the introduction of another character on the SBCS part of a mixed-width code page somewhere, requiring the introduction of another full-width compatibility character to complete the mapping. Since the single byte part of mixed-width character sets is limited, there are not going to be many candidates and neither UTC and WG2 have any intention to add additional compatibility characters for this purpose.
East Asian Width is an informative character property.
When interchanging data
When processing or displaying data
The classifications presented here are based on the most widely used mixed-width legacy character sets in use in East Asia as of this writing. In particular, the assignment of the neutral or ambiguous categories depend on the contents of these character sets. For example, an implementation that knows a-priori, that it only needs to interchange data with the Japanese Shift-JIS character set, but not other East Asian character sets, could reduce the number of characters in the ambiguous classification to those actually encoded in Shift-JIS. Or such a reduction could be done implicitly at runtime in the context of interoperating with Shift-JIS fonts or data sources. Conversely, if additional character sets are created and widely adopted for legacy purposes, more characters would need to be classified as ambiguous.
All characters not listed here are by default classified as non-East Asian neutral. .
The classifications are given in an annotated list where each line consists of either a character code XXXX or an inclusive character code range XXXX..YYYY followed by a comment delimiter # and the UTF-8 codes for XXXX and YYYY (these may or may not show correctly on your browser) and finally the Unicode character names for XXXX and YYYY. All information following the # sign may be ignored.
A - Ambiguous 00A1 # ¡; INVERTED EXCLAMATION MARK 00A4 # ¤; CURRENCY SIGN 00A7..00A8 # §..¨; SECTION SIGN..DIAERESIS 00AA # ª; FEMININE ORDINAL INDICATOR 00AD # ; SOFT HYPHEN 00B0..00B4 # °..´; DEGREE SIGN..ACUTE ACCENT 00B6..00BA # ¶..º; PILCROW SIGN..MASCULINE ORDINAL INDICATOR 00BC..00BF # ¼..¿; VULGAR FRACTION ONE QUARTER..INVERTED QUESTION MARK 00C6 # Æ; LATIN CAPITAL LETTER AE 00D0 # Ð; LATIN CAPITAL LETTER ETH 00D7..00D8 # ×..Ø; MULTIPLICATION SIGN..LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O WITH STROKE 00DE..00E1 # Þ..á; LATIN CAPITAL LETTER THORN..LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH ACUTE 00E6 # æ; LATIN SMALL LETTER AE 00E8..00EA # è..ê; LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH GRAVE..LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH CIRCUMFLEX 00EC..00ED # ì..í; LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH GRAVE..LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH ACUTE 00F0 # ð; LATIN SMALL LETTER ETH 00F2..00F3 # ò..ó; LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH GRAVE..LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH ACUTE 00F7..00FA # ÷..ú; DIVISION SIGN..LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH ACUTE 00FC # ü; LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH DIAERESIS 00FE # þ; LATIN SMALL LETTER THORN 0101 # ā; LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH MACRON 0111 # đ; LATIN SMALL LETTER D WITH STROKE 0113 # ē; LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH MACRON 011B # ě; LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH CARON 0126..0127 # Ħ..ħ; LATIN CAPITAL LETTER H WITH STROKE..LATIN SMALL LETTER H WITH STROKE 012B # ī; LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH MACRON 0131..0133 # ı..ij; LATIN SMALL LETTER DOTLESS I..LATIN SMALL LIGATURE IJ 0138 # ĸ; LATIN SMALL LETTER KRA 013F..0142 # Ŀ..ł; LATIN CAPITAL LETTER L WITH MIDDLE DOT..LATIN SMALL LETTER L WITH STROKE 0144 # ń; LATIN SMALL LETTER N WITH ACUTE 0148..014B # ň..ŋ; LATIN SMALL LETTER N WITH CARON..LATIN SMALL LETTER ENG 014D # ō; LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH MACRON 0152..0153 # Œ..œ; LATIN CAPITAL LIGATURE OE..LATIN SMALL LIGATURE OE 0166..0167 # Ŧ..ŧ; LATIN CAPITAL LETTER T WITH STROKE..LATIN SMALL LETTER T WITH STROKE 016B # ū; LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH MACRON 01CE # ǎ; LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH CARON 01D0 # ǐ; LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH CARON 01D2 # ǒ; LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH CARON 01D4 # ǔ; LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH CARON 01D6 # ǖ; LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH DIAERESIS AND MACRON 01D8 # ǘ; LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH DIAERESIS AND ACUTE 01DA # ǚ; LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH DIAERESIS AND CARON 01DC # ǜ; LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH DIAERESIS AND GRAVE 0251 # ɑ; LATIN SMALL LETTER ALPHA 0261 # ɡ; LATIN SMALL LETTER SCRIPT G 02C7 # ˇ; CARON 02C9..02CB # ˉ..ˋ; MODIFIER LETTER MACRON..MODIFIER LETTER GRAVE ACCENT 02CD # ˍ; MODIFIER LETTER LOW MACRON 02D0 # ː; MODIFIER LETTER TRIANGULAR COLON 02D8..02DB # ˘..˛; BREVE..OGONEK 02DD # ˝; DOUBLE ACUTE ACCENT 0300..0361 # ◦̀..◦͡; COMBINING GRAVE ACCENT..COMBINING DOUBLE INVERTED BREVE 0391..03A9 # Α..Ω; GREEK CAPITAL LETTER ALPHA..GREEK CAPITAL LETTER OMEGA 03B1..03C1 # α..ρ; GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA..GREEK SMALL LETTER RHO 03C3..03C9 # σ..ω; GREEK SMALL LETTER SIGMA..GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA 0401 # Ё; CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER IO 0410..044F # А..я; CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER A..CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER YA 0451 # ё; CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER IO 2010 # ‐; HYPHEN 2013..2016 # –..‖; EN DASH..DOUBLE VERTICAL LINE 2018..2019 # ‘..’; LEFT SINGLE QUOTATION MARK..RIGHT SINGLE QUOTATION MARK 201C..201D # “..”; LEFT DOUBLE QUOTATION MARK..RIGHT DOUBLE QUOTATION MARK 2020..2021 # †..‡; DAGGER..DOUBLE DAGGER 2025..2027 # ‥..‧; TWO DOT LEADER..HYPHENATION POINT 2030 # ‰; PER MILLE SIGN 2032..2033 # ′..″; PRIME..DOUBLE PRIME 2035 # ‵; REVERSED PRIME 203B # ※; REFERENCE MARK 2074 # ⁴; SUPERSCRIPT FOUR 207F # ⁿ; SUPERSCRIPT LATIN SMALL LETTER N 2081..2084 # ₁..₄; SUBSCRIPT ONE..SUBSCRIPT FOUR 20AC # €; EURO SIGN 2103 # ℃; DEGREE CELSIUS 2105 # ℅; CARE OF 2109 # ℉; DEGREE FAHRENHEIT 2113 # ℓ; SCRIPT SMALL L 2116 # №; NUMERO SIGN 2121..2122 # ℡..™; TELEPHONE SIGN..TRADE MARK SIGN 2126 # Ω; OHM SIGN 212B # Å; ANGSTROM SIGN 2153..2154 # ⅓..⅔; VULGAR FRACTION ONE THIRD..VULGAR FRACTION TWO THIRDS 215B..215E # ⅛..⅞; VULGAR FRACTION ONE EIGHTH..VULGAR FRACTION SEVEN EIGHTHS 2160..216B # Ⅰ..Ⅻ; ROMAN NUMERAL ONE..ROMAN NUMERAL TWELVE 2170..2179 # ⅰ..ⅹ; SMALL ROMAN NUMERAL ONE..SMALL ROMAN NUMERAL TEN 2190..2199 # ←..↙; LEFTWARDS ARROW..SOUTH WEST ARROW 21D2 # ⇒; RIGHTWARDS DOUBLE ARROW 21D4 # ⇔; LEFT RIGHT DOUBLE ARROW 2200 # ∀; FOR ALL 2202..2203 # ∂..∃; PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL..THERE EXISTS 2207..2208 # ∇..∈; NABLA..ELEMENT OF 220B # ∋; CONTAINS AS MEMBER 220F # ∏; N-ARY PRODUCT 2211 # ∑; N-ARY SUMMATION 2215 # ∕; DIVISION SLASH 221A # √; SQUARE ROOT 221D..2220 # ∝..∠; PROPORTIONAL TO..ANGLE 2223 # ∣; DIVIDES 2225 # ∥; PARALLEL TO 2227..222C # ∧..∬; LOGICAL AND..DOUBLE INTEGRAL 222E # ∮; CONTOUR INTEGRAL 2234..2237 # ∴..∷; THEREFORE..PROPORTION 223C..223D # ∼..∽; TILDE OPERATOR..REVERSED TILDE 2248 # ≈; ALMOST EQUAL TO 224C # ≌; ALL EQUAL TO 2252 # ≒; APPROXIMATELY EQUAL TO OR THE IMAGE OF 2260..2261 # ≠..≡; NOT EQUAL TO..IDENTICAL TO 2264..2267 # ≤..≧; LESS-THAN OR EQUAL TO..GREATER-THAN OVER EQUAL TO 226A..226B # ≪..≫; MUCH LESS-THAN..MUCH GREATER-THAN 226E..226F # ≮..≯; NOT LESS-THAN..NOT GREATER-THAN 2282..2283 # ⊂..⊃; SUBSET OF..SUPERSET OF 2286..2287 # ⊆..⊇; SUBSET OF OR EQUAL TO..SUPERSET OF OR EQUAL TO 2295 # ⊕; CIRCLED PLUS 2299 # ⊙; CIRCLED DOT OPERATOR 22A5 # ⊥; UP TACK 22BF # ⊿; RIGHT TRIANGLE 2312 # ⌒; ARC 2460..24B5 # ①..⒵; CIRCLED DIGIT ONE..PARENTHESIZED LATIN SMALL LETTER Z 24D0..24E9 # ⓐ..ⓩ; CIRCLED LATIN SMALL LETTER A..CIRCLED LATIN SMALL LETTER Z 2500..254B # ─..╋; BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT HORIZONTAL..BOX DRAWINGS HEAVY VERTICAL AND HORIZONTAL 2550..2574 # ═..╴; BOX DRAWINGS DOUBLE HORIZONTAL..BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT LEFT 2581..258F # ▁..▏; LOWER ONE EIGHTH BLOCK..LEFT ONE EIGHTH BLOCK 2592..25A1 # ▒..□; MEDIUM SHADE..WHITE SQUARE 25A3..25A9 # ▣..▩; WHITE SQUARE CONTAINING BLACK SMALL SQUARE..SQUARE WITH DIAGONAL CROSSHATCH FILL 25B2..25B3 # ▲..△; BLACK UP-POINTING TRIANGLE..WHITE UP-POINTING TRIANGLE 25B6..25B7 # ▶..▷; BLACK RIGHT-POINTING TRIANGLE..WHITE RIGHT-POINTING TRIANGLE 25BC..25BD # ▼..▽; BLACK DOWN-POINTING TRIANGLE..WHITE DOWN-POINTING TRIANGLE 25C0..25C1 # ◀..◁; BLACK LEFT-POINTING TRIANGLE..WHITE LEFT-POINTING TRIANGLE 25C6..25C8 # ◆..◈; BLACK DIAMOND..WHITE DIAMOND CONTAINING BLACK SMALL DIAMOND 25CB # ○; WHITE CIRCLE 25CE..25D1 # ◎..◑; BULLSEYE..CIRCLE WITH RIGHT HALF BLACK 25E2..25E5 # ◢..◥; BLACK LOWER RIGHT TRIANGLE..BLACK UPPER RIGHT TRIANGLE 25EF # ◯; LARGE CIRCLE 2605..2606 # ★..☆; BLACK STAR..WHITE STAR 2609 # ☉; SUN 260E..260F # ☎..☏; BLACK TELEPHONE..WHITE TELEPHONE 261C # ☜; WHITE LEFT POINTING INDEX 261E # ☞; WHITE RIGHT POINTING INDEX 2640 # ♀; FEMALE SIGN 2642 # ♂; MALE SIGN 2660..2661 # ♠..♡; BLACK SPADE SUIT..WHITE HEART SUIT 2663..2665 # ♣..♥; BLACK CLUB SUIT..BLACK HEART SUIT 2667..266A # ♧..♪; WHITE CLUB SUIT..EIGHTH NOTE 266C..266D # ♬..♭; BEAMED SIXTEENTH NOTES..MUSIC FLAT SIGN 266F # ♯; MUSIC SHARP SIGN H - Halfwidth 20A9 # ₩; WON SIGN FF61..FF64 # ｡..､; HALFWIDTH IDEOGRAPHIC FULL STOP..HALFWIDTH IDEOGRAPHIC COMMA N - Narrow 0020..007E # ␣..~; SPACE..TILDE 00A2..00A3 # ¢..£; CENT SIGN..POUND SIGN 00A5..00A6 # ¥..¦; YEN SIGN..BROKEN BAR 00AC # ¬; NOT SIGN 00AF # ¯; MACRON N - Not-East Asian Neutral 0000..001F # ^@..^_; (!control!)..(!control!) 007F..00A0 # ^?.. ; (!control!)..NO-BREAK SPACE 00A9 # ©; COPYRIGHT SIGN 00AB # «; LEFT-POINTING DOUBLE ANGLE QUOTATION MARK 00AE # ®; REGISTERED SIGN 00B5 # µ; MICRO SIGN 00BB # »; RIGHT-POINTING DOUBLE ANGLE QUOTATION MARK 00C0..00C5 # À..Å; LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH GRAVE..LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH RING ABOVE 00C7..00CF # Ç..Ï; LATIN CAPITAL LETTER C WITH CEDILLA..LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I WITH DIAERESIS 00D1..00D6 # Ñ..Ö; LATIN CAPITAL LETTER N WITH TILDE..LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O WITH DIAERESIS 00D9..00DD # Ù..Ý; LATIN CAPITAL LETTER U WITH GRAVE..LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Y WITH ACUTE 00E2..00E5 # â..å; LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH CIRCUMFLEX..LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH RING ABOVE 00E7 # ç; LATIN SMALL LETTER C WITH CEDILLA 00EB # ë; LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH DIAERESIS 00EE..00EF # î..ï; LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH CIRCUMFLEX..LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH DIAERESIS 00F1 # ñ; LATIN SMALL LETTER N WITH TILDE 00F4..00F6 # ô..ö; LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH CIRCUMFLEX..LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH DIAERESIS 00FB # û; LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH CIRCUMFLEX 00FD # ý; LATIN SMALL LETTER Y WITH ACUTE 00FF..0100 # ÿ..Ā; LATIN SMALL LETTER Y WITH DIAERESIS..LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH MACRON 0102..0110 # Ă..Đ; LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH BREVE..LATIN CAPITAL LETTER D WITH STROKE 0112 # Ē; LATIN CAPITAL LETTER E WITH MACRON 0114..011A # Ĕ..Ě; LATIN CAPITAL LETTER E WITH BREVE..LATIN CAPITAL LETTER E WITH CARON 011C..0125 # Ĝ..ĥ; LATIN CAPITAL LETTER G WITH CIRCUMFLEX..LATIN SMALL LETTER H WITH CIRCUMFLEX 0128..012A # Ĩ..Ī; LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I WITH TILDE..LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I WITH MACRON 012C..0130 # Ĭ..İ; LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I WITH BREVE..LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I WITH DOT ABOVE 0134..0137 # Ĵ..ķ; LATIN CAPITAL LETTER J WITH CIRCUMFLEX..LATIN SMALL LETTER K WITH CEDILLA 0139..013E # Ĺ..ľ; LATIN CAPITAL LETTER L WITH ACUTE..LATIN SMALL LETTER L WITH CARON 0143 # Ń; LATIN CAPITAL LETTER N WITH ACUTE 0145..0147 # Ņ..Ň; LATIN CAPITAL LETTER N WITH CEDILLA..LATIN CAPITAL LETTER N WITH CARON 014C # Ō; LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O WITH MACRON 014E..0151 # Ŏ..ő; LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O WITH BREVE..LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH DOUBLE ACUTE 0154..0165 # Ŕ..ť; LATIN CAPITAL LETTER R WITH ACUTE..LATIN SMALL LETTER T WITH CARON 0168..016A # Ũ..Ū; LATIN CAPITAL LETTER U WITH TILDE..LATIN CAPITAL LETTER U WITH MACRON 016C..01CD # Ŭ..Ǎ; LATIN CAPITAL LETTER U WITH BREVE..LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH CARON 01CF # Ǐ; LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I WITH CARON 01D1 # Ǒ; LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O WITH CARON 01D3 # Ǔ; LATIN CAPITAL LETTER U WITH CARON 01D5 # Ǖ; LATIN CAPITAL LETTER U WITH DIAERESIS AND MACRON 01D7 # Ǘ; LATIN CAPITAL LETTER U WITH DIAERESIS AND ACUTE 01D9 # Ǚ; LATIN CAPITAL LETTER U WITH DIAERESIS AND CARON 01DB # Ǜ; LATIN CAPITAL LETTER U WITH DIAERESIS AND GRAVE 01DD..0250 # ǝ..ɐ; LATIN SMALL LETTER TURNED E..LATIN SMALL LETTER TURNED A 0252..0260 # ɒ..ɠ; LATIN SMALL LETTER TURNED ALPHA..LATIN SMALL LETTER G WITH HOOK 0262..02A8 # ɢ..ʨ; LATIN LETTER SMALL CAPITAL G..LATIN SMALL LETTER TC DIGRAPH WITH CURL 02B0..02C6 # ʰ..ˆ; MODIFIER LETTER SMALL H..MODIFIER LETTER CIRCUMFLEX ACCENT 02C8 # ˈ; MODIFIER LETTER VERTICAL LINE 02CC # ˌ; MODIFIER LETTER LOW VERTICAL LINE 02CE..02CF # ˎ..ˏ; MODIFIER LETTER LOW GRAVE ACCENT..MODIFIER LETTER LOW ACUTE ACCENT 02D1..02D7 # ˑ..˗; MODIFIER LETTER HALF TRIANGULAR COLON..MODIFIER LETTER MINUS SIGN 02DC # ˜; SMALL TILDE 02DE # ˞; MODIFIER LETTER RHOTIC HOOK 02E0..02E9 # ˠ..˩; MODIFIER LETTER SMALL GAMMA..MODIFIER LETTER EXTRA-LOW TONE BAR 0374..0390 # ʹ..ΐ; GREEK NUMERAL SIGN..GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA WITH DIALYTIKA AND TONOS 03AA..03B0 # Ϊ..ΰ; GREEK CAPITAL LETTER IOTA WITH DIALYTIKA..GREEK SMALL LETTER UPSILON WITH DIALYTIKA AND TONOS 03C2 # ς; GREEK SMALL LETTER FINAL SIGMA 03CA..03EF # ϊ..ϯ; GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA WITH DIALYTIKA..COPTIC SMALL LETTER DEI 0400 # Ѐ; 0402..040F # Ђ..Џ; CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER DJE..CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER DZHE 0450 # ѐ; 0452..0486 # ђ..◦҆; CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER DJE..COMBINING CYRILLIC PSILI PNEUMATA 0490..04F9 # Ґ..ӹ; CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER GHE WITH UPTURN..CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER YERU WITH DIAERESIS 0531..0556 # Ա..Ֆ; ARMENIAN CAPITAL LETTER AYB..ARMENIAN CAPITAL LETTER FEH 0559..055F # ՙ..՟; ARMENIAN MODIFIER LETTER LEFT HALF RING..ARMENIAN ABBREVIATION MARK 0561..0587 # ա..և; ARMENIAN SMALL LETTER AYB..ARMENIAN SMALL LIGATURE ECH YIWN 0589 # ։; ARMENIAN FULL STOP 0591..05F4 # ◦֑..״; HEBREW ACCENT ETNAHTA..HEBREW PUNCTUATION GERSHAYIM 060C..06F9 # ،..۹; ARABIC COMMA..EXTENDED ARABIC-INDIC DIGIT NINE 0901..0970 # ◦ँ..॰; DEVANAGARI SIGN CANDRABINDU..DEVANAGARI ABBREVIATION SIGN 0981..09FA # ◦ঁ..৺; BENGALI SIGN CANDRABINDU..BENGALI ISSHAR 0A02..0A74 # ◦ਂ..ੴ; GURMUKHI SIGN BINDI..GURMUKHI EK ONKAR 0A81..0AEF # ◦ઁ..૯; GUJARATI SIGN CANDRABINDU..GUJARATI DIGIT NINE 0B01..0B70 # ◦ଁ..୰; ORIYA SIGN CANDRABINDU..ORIYA ISSHAR 0B82..0BF2 # ◦ஂ..௲; TAMIL SIGN ANUSVARA..TAMIL NUMBER ONE THOUSAND 0C01..0C6F # ◦ఁ..౯; TELUGU SIGN CANDRABINDU..TELUGU DIGIT NINE 0C82..0CEF # ◦ಂ..೯; KANNADA SIGN ANUSVARA..KANNADA DIGIT NINE 0D02..0D6F # ◦ം..൯; MALAYALAM SIGN ANUSVARA..MALAYALAM DIGIT NINE 0E01..0E5B # ก..๛; THAI CHARACTER KO KAI..THAI CHARACTER KHOMUT 0E81..0EDD # ກ..ໝ; LAO LETTER KO..LAO HO MO 0F00..0FB9 # ༀ..◦ྐྵ; TIBETAN SYLLABLE OM..TIBETAN SUBJOINED LETTER KSSA 10A0..10F6 # Ⴀ..ჶ; GEORGIAN CAPITAL LETTER AN..GEORGIAN LETTER FI 10FB # ჻; GEORGIAN PARAGRAPH SEPARATOR 1E00..1EF9 # Ḁ..ỹ; LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH RING BELOW..LATIN SMALL LETTER Y WITH TILDE 1F00..1FFE # ἀ..῾; GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA WITH PSILI..GREEK DASIA 2000..200F # ..; EN QUAD..RIGHT-TO-LEFT MARK 2011..2012 # ‑..‒; NON-BREAKING HYPHEN..FIGURE DASH 2017 # ‗; DOUBLE LOW LINE 201A..201B # ‚..‛; SINGLE LOW-9 QUOTATION MARK..SINGLE HIGH-REVERSED-9 QUOTATION MARK 201E..201F # „..‟; DOUBLE LOW-9 QUOTATION MARK..DOUBLE HIGH-REVERSED-9 QUOTATION MARK 2022..2024 # •..․; BULLET..ONE DOT LEADER 2028..202E # ..; LINE SEPARATOR..RIGHT-TO-LEFT OVERRIDE 2031 # ‱; PER TEN THOUSAND SIGN 2034 # ‴; TRIPLE PRIME 2036..203A # ‶..›; REVERSED DOUBLE PRIME..SINGLE RIGHT-POINTING ANGLE QUOTATION MARK 203C..2046 # ‼..⁆; DOUBLE EXCLAMATION MARK..RIGHT SQUARE BRACKET WITH QUILL 206A..2070 # ..⁰; INHIBIT SYMMETRIC SWAPPING..SUPERSCRIPT ZERO 2075..207E # ⁵..⁾; SUPERSCRIPT FIVE..SUPERSCRIPT RIGHT PARENTHESIS 2080 # ₀; SUBSCRIPT ZERO 2085..208E # ₅..₎; SUBSCRIPT FIVE..SUBSCRIPT RIGHT PARENTHESIS 20A0..20A8 # ₠..₨; EURO-CURRENCY SIGN..RUPEE SIGN 20AA..20AB # ₪..₫; NEW SHEQEL SIGN..DONG SIGN 20D0..2102 # ◦⃐..ℂ; COMBINING LEFT HARPOON ABOVE..DOUBLE-STRUCK CAPITAL C 2104 # ℄; CENTRE LINE SYMBOL 2106..2108 # ℆..℈; CADA UNA..SCRUPLE 210A..2112 # ℊ..ℒ; SCRIPT SMALL G..SCRIPT CAPITAL L 2114..2115 # ℔..ℕ; L B BAR SYMBOL..DOUBLE-STRUCK CAPITAL N 2117..2120 # ℗..℠; SOUND RECORDING COPYRIGHT..SERVICE MARK 2123..2125 # ℣..℥; VERSICLE..OUNCE SIGN 2127..212A # ℧..K; INVERTED OHM SIGN..KELVIN SIGN 212C..2138 # ℬ..ℸ; SCRIPT CAPITAL B..DALET SYMBOL 2155..215A # ⅕..⅚; VULGAR FRACTION ONE FIFTH..VULGAR FRACTION FIVE SIXTHS 215F # ⅟; FRACTION NUMERATOR ONE 216C..216F # Ⅼ..Ⅿ; ROMAN NUMERAL FIFTY..ROMAN NUMERAL ONE THOUSAND 217A..2182 # ⅺ..ↂ; SMALL ROMAN NUMERAL ELEVEN..ROMAN NUMERAL TEN THOUSAND 219A..21D1 # ↚..⇑; LEFTWARDS ARROW WITH STROKE..UPWARDS DOUBLE ARROW 21D3 # ⇓; DOWNWARDS DOUBLE ARROW 21D5..21EA # ⇕..⇪; UP DOWN DOUBLE ARROW..UPWARDS WHITE ARROW FROM BAR 2201 # ∁; COMPLEMENT 2204..2206 # ∄..∆; THERE DOES NOT EXIST..INCREMENT 2209..220A # ∉..∊; NOT AN ELEMENT OF..SMALL ELEMENT OF 220C..220E # ∌..∎; DOES NOT CONTAIN AS MEMBER..END OF PROOF 2210 # ∐; N-ARY COPRODUCT 2212..2214 # −..∔; MINUS SIGN..DOT PLUS 2216..2219 # ∖..∙; SET MINUS..BULLET OPERATOR 221B..221C # ∛..∜; CUBE ROOT..FOURTH ROOT 2221..2222 # ∡..∢; MEASURED ANGLE..SPHERICAL ANGLE 2224 # ∤; DOES NOT DIVIDE 2226 # ∦; NOT PARALLEL TO 222D # ∭; TRIPLE INTEGRAL 222F..2233 # ∯..∳; SURFACE INTEGRAL..ANTICLOCKWISE CONTOUR INTEGRAL 2238..223B # ∸..∻; DOT MINUS..HOMOTHETIC 223E..2247 # ∾..≇; INVERTED LAZY S..NEITHER APPROXIMATELY NOR ACTUALLY EQUAL TO 2249..224B # ≉..≋; NOT ALMOST EQUAL TO..TRIPLE TILDE 224D..2251 # ≍..≑; EQUIVALENT TO..GEOMETRICALLY EQUAL TO 2253..225F # ≓..≟; IMAGE OF OR APPROXIMATELY EQUAL TO..QUESTIONED EQUAL TO 2262..2263 # ≢..≣; NOT IDENTICAL TO..STRICTLY EQUIVALENT TO 2268..2269 # ≨..≩; LESS-THAN BUT NOT EQUAL TO..GREATER-THAN BUT NOT EQUAL TO 226C..226D # ≬..≭; BETWEEN..NOT EQUIVALENT TO 2270..2281 # ≰..⊁; NEITHER LESS-THAN NOR EQUAL TO..DOES NOT SUCCEED 2284..2285 # ⊄..⊅; NOT A SUBSET OF..NOT A SUPERSET OF 2288..2294 # ⊈..⊔; NEITHER A SUBSET OF NOR EQUAL TO..SQUARE CUP 2296..2298 # ⊖..⊘; CIRCLED MINUS..CIRCLED DIVISION SLASH 229A..22A4 # ⊚..⊤; CIRCLED RING OPERATOR..DOWN TACK 22A6..22BE # ⊦..⊾; ASSERTION..RIGHT ANGLE WITH ARC 22C0..2311 # ⋀..⌑; N-ARY LOGICAL AND..SQUARE LOZENGE 2313..244A # ⌓..⑊; SEGMENT..OCR DOUBLE BACKSLASH 24B6..24CF # Ⓐ..Ⓩ; CIRCLED LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A..CIRCLED LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z 24EA # ⓪; CIRCLED DIGIT ZERO 254C..254F # ╌..╏; BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT DOUBLE DASH HORIZONTAL..BOX DRAWINGS HEAVY DOUBLE DASH VERTICAL 2575..2580 # ╵..▀; BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT UP..UPPER HALF BLOCK 2590..2591 # ▐..░; RIGHT HALF BLOCK..LIGHT SHADE 25A2 # ▢; WHITE SQUARE WITH ROUNDED CORNERS 25AA..25B1 # ▪..▱; BLACK SMALL SQUARE..WHITE PARALLELOGRAM 25B4..25B5 # ▴..▵; BLACK UP-POINTING SMALL TRIANGLE..WHITE UP-POINTING SMALL TRIANGLE 25B8..25BB # ▸..▻; BLACK RIGHT-POINTING SMALL TRIANGLE..WHITE RIGHT-POINTING POINTER 25BE..25BF # ▾..▿; BLACK DOWN-POINTING SMALL TRIANGLE..WHITE DOWN-POINTING SMALL TRIANGLE 25C2..25C5 # ◂..◅; BLACK LEFT-POINTING SMALL TRIANGLE..WHITE LEFT-POINTING POINTER 25C9..25CA # ◉..◊; FISHEYE..LOZENGE 25CC..25CD # ◌..◍; DOTTED CIRCLE..CIRCLE WITH VERTICAL FILL 25D2..25E1 # ◒..◡; CIRCLE WITH LOWER HALF BLACK..LOWER HALF CIRCLE 25E6..25EE # ◦..◮; WHITE BULLET..UP-POINTING TRIANGLE WITH RIGHT HALF BLACK 2600..2604 # ☀..☄; BLACK SUN WITH RAYS..COMET 2607..2608 # ☇..☈; LIGHTNING..THUNDERSTORM 260A..260D # ☊..☍; ASCENDING NODE..OPPOSITION 2610..261B # ☐..☛; BALLOT BOX..BLACK RIGHT POINTING INDEX 261D # ☝; WHITE UP POINTING INDEX 261F..263F # ☟..☿; WHITE DOWN POINTING INDEX..MERCURY 2641 # ♁; EARTH 2643..265F # ♃..♟; JUPITER..BLACK CHESS PAWN 2662 # ♢; WHITE DIAMOND SUIT 2666 # ♦; BLACK DIAMOND SUIT 266B # ♫; BEAMED EIGHTH NOTES 266E # ♮; MUSIC NATURAL SIGN 2701..27BE # ✁..➾; UPPER BLADE SCISSORS..OPEN-OUTLINED RIGHTWARDS ARROW 3105..312C # ㄅ..ㄬ; BOPOMOFO LETTER B..BOPOMOFO LETTER GN FB00..FB06 # ff..st; LATIN SMALL LIGATURE FF..LATIN SMALL LIGATURE ST FB13..FB17 # ﬓ..ﬗ; ARMENIAN SMALL LIGATURE MEN NOW..ARMENIAN SMALL LIGATURE MEN XEH FB1E..FDFB # ◦ﬞ..ﷻ; HEBREW POINT JUDEO-SPANISH VARIKA..ARABIC LIGATURE JALLAJALALOUHOU FE20..FE23 # ◦︠..◦︣; COMBINING LIGATURE LEFT HALF..COMBINING DOUBLE TILDE RIGHT HALF FE70..FEFC # ﹰ..ﻼ; ARABIC FATHATAN ISOLATED FORM..ARABIC LIGATURE LAM WITH ALEF FINAL FORM FEFF # ; ZERO WIDTH NO-BREAK SPACE FF65..FFDC # ･..ￜ; HALFWIDTH KATAKANA MIDDLE DOT..HALFWIDTH HANGUL LETTER I FFE8..FFEE # ￨..￮; HALFWIDTH FORMS LIGHT VERTICAL..HALFWIDTH WHITE CIRCLE FFFC..FFFD # ..�; OBJECT REPLACEMENT CHARACTER..REPLACEMENT CHARACTER W - Wide 1100..11F9 # ᄀ..ᇹ; HANGUL CHOSEONG KIYEOK..HANGUL JONGSEONG YEORINHIEUH 3000..303F # ..〿; IDEOGRAPHIC SPACE..IDEOGRAPHIC HALF FILL SPACE 3041..3094 # ぁ..ゔ; HIRAGANA LETTER SMALL A..HIRAGANA LETTER VU 3099..309E # ◦゙..ゞ; COMBINING KATAKANA-HIRAGANA VOICED SOUND MARK..HIRAGANA VOICED ITERATION MARK 30A1..30FE # ァ..ヾ; KATAKANA LETTER SMALL A..KATAKANA VOICED ITERATION MARK 3131..318E # ㄱ..ㆎ; HANGUL LETTER KIYEOK..HANGUL LETTER ARAEAE 3190..319F # ㆐..㆟; IDEOGRAPHIC ANNOTATION LINKING MARK..IDEOGRAPHIC ANNOTATION MAN MARK 3200..321C # ㈀..㈜; PARENTHESIZED HANGUL KIYEOK..PARENTHESIZED HANGUL CIEUC U 3220..3243 # ㈠..㉃; PARENTHESIZED IDEOGRAPH ONE..PARENTHESIZED IDEOGRAPH REACH 3260..32B0 # ㉠..㊰; CIRCLED HANGUL KIYEOK..CIRCLED IDEOGRAPH NIGHT 32C0..3376 # ㋀..㍶; IDEOGRAPHIC TELEGRAPH SYMBOL FOR JANUARY..SQUARE PC 337B..33DD # ㍻..㏝; SQUARE ERA NAME HEISEI..SQUARE WB 33E0..33FE # ㏠..㏾; IDEOGRAPHIC TELEGRAPH SYMBOL FOR DAY ONE..IDEOGRAPHIC TELEGRAPH SYMBOL FOR DAY THIRTY-ONE 4E00..9FA5 # 一..龥; (!CJK Ideograph, First!)..(!CJK Ideograph, Last!) AC00..D7A3 # 가..힣; (!Hangul Syllable, First!)..(!Hangul Syllable, Last!) E000..E757 # ..; (!Private Use, First!)..(!Private Use, First!) F900..FA2D # 豈..鶴; CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F900..CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FA2D F - FullWidth FE30..FE44 # ︰..﹄; PRESENTATION FORM FOR VERTICAL TWO DOT LEADER..PRESENTATION FORM FOR VERTICAL RIGHT WHITE CORNER BRACKET FE49..FE52 # ﹉..﹒; DASHED OVERLINE..SMALL FULL STOP FE54..FE6B # ﹔..﹫; SMALL SEMICOLON..SMALL COMMERCIAL AT FF01..FF5E # ！..～; FULLWIDTH EXCLAMATION MARK..FULLWIDTH TILDE FFE0..FFE6 # ￠..￦; FULLWIDTH CENT SIGN..FULLWIDTH WON SIGN
ISO 10646 is silent on the terms "half-width" and "full-width" except to say that the characters so named are provided for compatibility.
The Unicode Standard states (p. 6-130):
In the context of conversion to and from such mixed-width encodings, all characters in the General Scripts area [i.e. 0000-1FFF] should be construed as half-width (hankaku) characters.
This sentence, as it stands, is misleading in that it implies that everything in the range U+0000..U+1FFF is half-width.
All characters in the CJK Phonetics and Symbols area [i.e. 3000-33FF] and the Unified CJK Ideograph area [i.e. 4E00-9FFF], along with the characters in the CJK Compatibility Ideographs [i.e. F900-FAFF], CJK Compatibility Forms [i.e. FE30-FE4F], and Small Form Variants blocks [i.e. FE50-FE6F], should be construed as full-width (zenkaku) characters. Other Compatibility Area [i.e. F900-FFFF] characters outside of the current block should be construed as half-width characters. The characters of the Symbols Area are neutral regarding their width semantics.
It should clearly be noted that statements made in the Unicode Standard in Chapter 6 (Character Block Descriptions) do not have normative status. Chapters 3, 4, and 7 (Charts) have normative status. The rest of the book, including Chapter 6 is provided to give as much information as possible to help people understand and implement the characters correctly. But it is dangerous to make legalistic arguments based on the text of Chapter 6, since there is rather large leeway for the editors of the Unicode Standard to modify and augment such explanatory text as new issues arise or old ones require more clarification.
The intent of the existing paragraph is not to create a property but to account for the fact that there are full-width forms encoded in the ranges U+FF01..U+FF5E and U+FFE0..U+FFE6.
Michel Suignard provided extensive input into the analysis and source material for the detail assignments of these properties.
Asmus Freytag wrote the main document. Ken Whistler provided the base text for the background section. Mark Davis provided the UTF-8 and names annotations.
First draft technical report version. Extensive formatting to fit the template. Split Wide into Wide and FullWidth to capture the characters with explicit FullWidth characteristics.
First Technical Report Version. Remove list of 'unassigned' characters. Add some informative text and make other editorial changes requested at UTC meeting #78.
Second Technical Report Version. Added UTF-8 and names annotations to the table. Minor wording changes. HTML fixes.
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